Vaporizer



E. Y. GRUENEWALD VAPORIZER Filed June 20, 1922 Ptaienteti an 2a, "1925,

I To all whom it may concern? nuemyn Y. ennmznwsan, or user uonmn, reamers;

entree srarss PATENT enema.

. venom,

Application flied June so, i922. semi Iva-teem.

Be it known thatl Enenun Y, GRU'ENE- wean; a citizen of'tbe United States, residing at East Moline, in'thecounty of Rock Island and State of-Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Im rovements in Vaporizers, of which i the ollowing is' a specification, reference being bad therein to the accompanying drawing.

This invention relates to a method of treatin fuel liquids to transform them from a liquid state to a gaseous or vaporous condition in 'order'to produce substantially uniform masses of combustible gases, particularly such as are suppliedto explosive engines, I f

Much of the fuel liquid found in commerce, particularly-that which'passes under the general name of I gasoline, can be correctly regarded as a mixture {of two or three components moreor less readily dif-= ferentiable, These components vary from each other in several respects, and portion larl in their susce tibility of being vapor- When a body of air is" forced across the surface o f'a body of this iz or gasifiede composite fluid, as for example, when it .is. suddenly moved under the action. of the vacuum suction'caused by an engine pis' ton, it will pick up more or less of each of these varying components of the fuel and, while commingled in suspension, carry them toward the manifold or engine duct, a One part of each of thequantities Qfthe liquid which the air thus picks up vaporlzesat at relatively low tem crature, namely, a

temperature approximating that of the normal atmosphere, those portions of the mixture which carry these vapors beln quently referred to as the light: ends. An-

other partof each of the quantities of theliquid taken, up by the air requires a much higher temperature for complete vaporiz ng or gasifyin some of it demanding a temperature or from 400? F. to 600'E.;.the

ortions of the mixture carrying this heavler fluid being termed the heavy ends thereof,

n is dificult in fact practically impossible,

to transform all of these varying componentparts "of the fuel liquid into a uniform gas or vapor body if they are all treated ali e; and such uniformity in constitution of the mixture charges is necessary for economical combustiono And'there should not only be walls of fre- all of-this before the for subjecting to heat the mixture of air and fuel on their way from'the carburetor to the englne; but those mechanisms of the cylinders are formed, the lu- Various devices andmetli'ods of carburet- 7 mg have been used or proposed. Gasifiers' ,have been employed including appliances whichl haveknowledge have been either designed to initially appl tothe mixture,

fee an entirety, a 'very'hlg temperature be fore it reaches the manifold or engine duct,

or designed to conduct the mixture including. the heavier fluid bodies to the manifold,

and to thereafter separate said heavier portrons.

The-object of the present invention is to a provide means and a method for vaporiz- 111g at a low'temperature the parts of, the fiuld fuel which constitute the from the carburetor in an atomized condihen the heavy parts of the fluid and sub li ht endsof the mlxture and simultaneous y takingl jecting them to such temperature required for their vaporization or gasification, wit-h-,

out permittin the high temperature to affeet the lig tends; and accomplishing heavy ends? of the mixture can enter, or even reach the manifold or engine duct. v

- Fig. 1 is aside'view showing more or less conventionally-parts of a manifold and parts of a carbureter, together with a va-' porizing or gasifying devloe embodying'my 1m rovements,

ig..2 is a. vertical sectional view.

Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic view. I

\ Fig. 4 shows a modified form of the mechanism, part being illustrated in elevation and part being broken away.

' In the drawings 1 indicates a art of a carbur'eter, which may be of any 0 the ordinary forms or of any preferred character.

2 indicates the manifold or system of ducts receiving, from the carbureter and gasifying devices, the mixture and delivering it to the cylinders.

Interposed between the carbureter and the manifold is arranged the vaporizing or-gasifying device more particularly characterizmg my improvement. It is indicated as an entirety by 3, and has a short-neck 4, connecting it to the carbureter, and a chambered part 4 joinedto the manifold. It is formed (preferably by casting) so as to have a free passageway from the carburetor through the neck 4 to the duct, or ducts, 8, of the manifold to the cylinders, this passageway having the parts 5, 6,7. The air, together with the lighter vapors or ases, and also the heavier parts of the fuel uid taken up by the air, all enter through the part 5 0 this passage, the air and its lighter con; tents passing on freely through the'parts'6 and 7 of the passageway. The heavier particles of the fluid tend to separate and move inward on approximately straight paths. A wall 9 is arranged in planes transverse to the lines of the inlet part 5 of the passageway for the mixture.

Below the passageway 5, 6, 7 there is provided a relatively large bowl or receptacle 10 having a low front wall 11 and a bottom part 12 integral with the walls 11 and 9. The rear wall 9 extends tolhigher points. Around the front and rear walls 9 and 11 and the bottom 12 there is a comparatively large cham'ber17 having a rear part 13, a front part 14 and a bottom part 15. This chamber 17 is adapted to be supplied with hot gases, such as the exhaust gases from the en ine, and these gases are taken away through "walls 9 and 11 and the bottom wall 12 can be heated to a high degree, for example, say from 400 F. to 600 F., but the dimensions of the parts and their relative positions are such that this high heat is maintained below,

and at points remote from, the continuous passage 5, 6 and 7 a The walls 9, 11 and 12 are gas-tight with respect to the heating chamber 17 on the outer side and the passageway 5, 6 and 7 extending from the carburetor to the manifold, and the bowl-like cavity 10 formed by these walls is immediately adjacent the carbureterand isin open communication with the assageway mentioned.

T e' gasitying or vaporizing mechanism shown in Figs. 3 and a is substantially sim ilar, in princi le of construction and operation to that iliixstrated in Figs. .1 and 2. In the construction in Figs. 3 and ithe parts 6 and 7' of the passageway for the mixture extend u ward to themanifold 20, a device of t e character here shown being de-' duct 18. The lower parts of the pipe through which part of the exhaust gases from the engine can be passed to the chamber 17 which extends around the bot-. tom 12 of the .bowl or receptacle, the rear wall of the baflle plate 9 extending upward from this bottom part 12". The gas escapes from the heating chamber 17 through the pipe 18. a In the mechanism shown in Figs. 1 and 2 the horizontal inlet part-5 has two diverging ducts 6, 7, one turned toward the righthand part of the manifold and the other toward the lefthand' part; this apparatus; being intended for use with a large engi'ne havin a number of cylinders. In this .1

case the ex aust gases from the engine are brought through pipe 20, which is secured to the inlet tube at 22, the gas passingtherethrough to the chamber 17. The gas escapes from this chamber throu h the exhaust duct 18 extending in any pre erred direction.

The manner in 'which'a device such as has been described operates, will be readily understood.

When the engine is in operation and is causing a series of quick suction impulses through the carbureter, bodies of air are successively drawn in and eachpicks up a quantity of fuel fluid. Each charge includes not only the body of air but also, first, a body of hydrocarbon which may be regarded as approximately true gas, and, secondly, particles of fiuid,'some of which are minute and others of which are relatively large globules. The specific avities of these several materials vary. The gaseous, or approximately gaseous, bodies remain suspended in the air and are easily carried by it to the manifold through the upper passageway 5,

6, 7. These particles of the fluid which are exceedingly small and light will also tend to be carried up with the air but rapidly become vaporized as they enter the heated region. But the large globules or particles of the fluid taken up by the air and carried inward by it in suspension tend to immediately gravitate away trcm it and quickl impinge upon the bafiie wall 9 and settle ownward and are caught in the bowl at 10. Here they are subjected to the high heat abstractedfrom the stream of exhaust gases passing through the chamber 17 and imparte to the walls 9, 11 and 12. The design can be such that the body offluid accumulating in the bowl at 10 becomes a boiling mass and the gases and vapors generated therefrom rapidly rise to the passageway 5, 6, 7, and are commingled with the air and low-temperature vapors and form a substantially uniform and homogenous mixture.

It has been noted that the collecting chamher or bowl is positioned below the normal lpath 5, 6, 7 of the mixture and catches the eav ter t ey leave the carburetor and before they can reach the manifold or engine ducts. The

particles of the fluid immediately at the fluid caught therein to an exceedingly high temperature but at points where such temperature will not affect that part of the mixture which vaporizes or gaslfies at low temperature.

-What I claim is: i

1. The combination with an explosive engine, a mixture supply manifold and a carburetor, of a device provided with two substantially parallel passages having oppositely directed inlets, one of said passages communicating with the carburetor and the manifold, and the other passage having its inlet connected with the engine exhaust, the

supply passage having at an intermediate point in itslength a bowl-like section adapted to collect heavier particles of fluid fuel, and the other said passage extending along a substantially vertical wall of said fuel passage andbeneath the said bowl-like section, for the purpose described.

2. The combination with an explosive engine, a mixture supply manifold and a carburetor, of' a device provided with two substantially parallel passages having oppositely directed inlets, one of said passages communicating with the carburetor and the manifold, and the other passage having its inlet connected with the engine exhaust, the

I supply passage having at an intermediate point in its length a bowl-like section adapted to collect heavier particles of fluid fuel, and the other of said passages extending along a substantially vertical wall of said fuel passage and beneath the said bowl-like section, the said bowl-like section and the heating chamber therefor being detachably supported.

3. A device of the class described, comprising a substantially vertical fuel passage, an exhaust passage having a portion thereof arranged substantially parallel with the fuel passage, said passages having oppositely directed inlet openings, one directing fluid fuel against one face of the vertical wall separating the aforesaid fuel and exhaust passages and the other directing exhaust gases against the opposite face of the said wall, and a casting supported below the plane of the inlet openings and having an integral bowl section forming the lower end of the fuel passage, a heating chamber included in the exhaust passage and extending beneath the bowl, whereby the said bowl extends directly into the path of the exhaust gases which will impinge against the surface thereof, for the purpose described. 7

In testimony whereof, I affix my signature.

EUGENE Y. GRUENEWALD. 

